The following code example is taken from the book
 
  The C++ Standard Library - A Tutorial and Reference
 by Nicolai M. Josuttis, Addison-Wesley, 1999
 
  © Copyright Nicolai M. Josuttis 1999
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cctype>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
    // create a string
    string s("The zip code of Hondelage in Germany is 38108");
    cout << "original: " << s << endl;
    // lowercase all characters
    transform (s.begin(), s.end(),    // source
               s.begin(),             // destination
               tolower);              // operation
    cout << "lowered:  " << s << endl;
    // uppercase all characters
    transform (s.begin(), s.end(),    // source
               s.begin(),             // destination
               toupper);              // operation
    cout << "uppered:  " << s << endl;
}